Roller



June l2, 1928. 1,673,364

P. N. JosLlN RGLLER Filed March 2l. 1927 Patented June 12, 1928.

UNITEDFSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

rpiNY N. JOSLIN, or DE Karin, ILLINOIS.

nomen.

Application filed March 21, 1927. Serial No. 177,011?.

1927, and consists more especially inmeans for giving support to thetread or outer edges of the tire to add strength thereto and eliminatebreakage thereof, these being serious objections to devices asheretofore constructed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improvedconstruction to stiften ther metal disks or side plates upon each sideof the wheel or roller, and to provide novel fastening means or rivetsfor holding the structure assembled which are so located with respect tothe annular side plates near the center thereof as to avoid drawing theplatestogether at sucli point as to cause an excessive strain orcompression of the tire and thereby eliminate breakage and otherexisting diiiiculties and objec- PSII tionable features of suoli devicesas heretofore constructed.

The many other objects and advantages of my improved roller will bebetter understood by reference to the following specification :is whenconsidered iii connection with the accompanying drawing illustratingcertain selected embodiments thereof, in which :F Fig. 1 Vis a sideelevation, partially broken away and in section, of my novel roller.

Fig. 2 is av transverse dianietrical section taken on the liuc 2 2 ofFigure 1.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the tire.

Fig. L'l is a detail sectional view of parts of the roller disassembled.a

Fig. 5 is a transverse section of a modified form of roller.

Fig. 6 is a partial side elevation of the tire in the roller shown inFig. 5, and V Fig. 7 is a sectional view, similar to Figui'e 2, of aslightly modified form.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the roller comprises a pair ofsubstantially fiat metal disks or side plates 10 of annular formation'and each provided with a central opening 11 and an inwardly directedannular flange 12 surrounding this opening and forming, annularshoulders on the inner faces of the plates 10. These flanges 12 form thehub of the roller when the senibled.

A ball cup forming an annularfmeinber or parts are asring structure 13fits within the opening 11 in each of the side plates and is preferablyprovided with any outwardly extending pe-` ripheral flange or lip 14 atthe open inner side of each cup which abuts the edge of the flange 12 onthat plate. A hollow or tubular shaft 15 extends through the ballcups,`being hollow to admit the usual aXlc of the roller (not shown).The central portion 16 of this shaft is raised to form a bearing for thetwo rows of balls 17, one row being disposed on each side thereof in thecups 13 so as to bear in the concavities or races formed base suchascondeiisite-celeron, a product of phenol and formaldehyde,`which maybe described as a vulcanized fiber thoroughly iinpregnated withcoiideiisite and hardened by heating. The tire is provided with a rib orannular partit.) which lies between the side plates yl0 and is slightlygripped orfrictionally held thereby when the roller is asembled but notwith suiiicient force to cause undue strain or breakage as is the .casewith some rubber compositions or cushion tires. This rib preferablysnugly lits about or on the intuiiied flanges vor shoulders 1201itheinner faces of the plates 10 as at 20, so that the tire is at alltimes supported `thereby in conjunc-` tion with the flanges 14 which itbetween the lianges 12 as shown in Figure 2 or independently of saidflanges 151 as shown in Figure 7. However,y the flanges 11i-may beslightly spaced from the inner r`wall of the tire rib 19 as shownr inFigure 7. This is an important feature as the radial'strain produced bythe rolling action of the tire in turning `corners is therebypractically entiiely eliminated or takenv up by these y 'flanges 12 and14.

In practice, it has heretofore, been found that one of the most seriousobjections to rubber tires on rollers ot' this typo and particularlythose of roller skates, was the tendency ot' these tires to worl; looseon the roller and in the construction ot" my prior application abovereferred to, considerable breakage was due to the sharp peripheral edgesot' the plates cutting into the sides oi' the tread and the 'fasteningmeans or rivets connecting the plates through the rib of the tire beingdrawn so tight as to not only inaterially increase this cutting actionbut cause breakage ot' the tire duc to excessive strain in the upsettingot' the ends ot thc rivets or the heading thereot against the outerLfaces of the plates. The result was that the roller was .soon renderedunscrviceable. The present iniproved construction has entirelyeliminated these objectionable features as will now be 'furtherdescribed.

The parts of the, roller are held together or in assembled relation by aseries ot rivets, bolts, or other suitable form of tastenings, butpreferably rivets in the torni shown at 21. The tasteniugs or rivetsprojectithrough correspom'ling holes Q2 in the oppositely disposed sideplates l and through similar holes 23 in the rib l0 of the tire. Thesefasteners in passing through the plates and rib by reason of the holesor perforations provided therein in their nnluu'tacture previous totheir assembly, cause snug engagement ot the parts and oi' the rib ot'the tire between the side plates so as to act with the side plates toprevent creeping ot' the tire. Instead ot positioning` these fasteningsnear the peripheral edges ot the plates as in my prior construction andother devices as heretofore produced, the holes 22 and i113 arepositioned approximatelyv centrally or midway between the annularportions ot' the plates or rib and l'neterably slightly inwardly ottheir concentric centers, as clearly shown in the drawings. lVith thesharp outer edges oi' the plates` ol untlanged formation as heretoforeconstructed and the heading ot the rivets to clamp the parts to getherA`too much strain was exerted in drawing the plates against the tire atthe rib and juncture thereot with the tread ot the tire so that therivets brought unusual or execssive strain on the compressed tire whichcaused heavy loss and real trouble by breakage aggravated by the cuttingaction of the peripheral edges of the plates cutting into the tire. Toavoid this, tillets Qi are formed at each side in t-he rubber ot thetire at the juncture of the rib and tread and the side plates have theirouter edges turned outward to form peripheral flanges 25 which engagethe fillets or internal shoulders of the tire at the tread and givefurther support to the outer edge of the tire, By thus permitting theuse of a fillet in the rubber or other material composing the tire, Iadd greatly to the strength and in this way eliminate trouble caused bycutting and breaking. In addition, the rivets by being substantiallycentrally positioned and preferably slightly inwardly, the strain on theplates and tire and more particularly the rib portion thereof and attht` ljuncture of the rib with the tread portion, is more evenlydistributed. The turned outer edges of the flanges or plates serve tosupport the edge of the. tire, that is, the ribs or lillet-s at thesides ot the tread and, consequently, the tread as a whole., in additionto stitl'ening the plates or washers. Moreover, the fiat inner iaces otthe plates iirmly grip the tire without tending to crowd the sameoutwardly. The metal parts of the roller with the exception oit theballs, fasteners, and central shaft are })1e'c1'ably stamped from sheetmetal.

Instead of employingfastenersl in the form ot rivets` headed on bothends as enlargenients in the manner disclosed in my prior construction,which results in the side plates being unduly forced together andclamping the rib with the tire too tightly or under excessivecompression, I employ the rivets shown more, particularly in Figure Q,in which one end ot each is headed prior to use, as indicated at- 2G andthe oppositl` end is tlanged or headed as indicated at QT. This isaccomplished by means ot a central punching and eyelet. forming devicewhich forms ay recess 2S and turns over the end of the rivet or pin.Preferably the rivet or pin has a. hollow end which is simply flanged orturned over in the manner shown. The advantage otl this construction isthat the pin takes most, of the `force of the blow or pressure in theforming or turningr operation by reason ot' the tool engaging in thedepression 28 or having less metal `to turn or iuisct owing to thehollow tubular forniation thereof. This causes the parts to be heldtogether without pressure sutlicient to cause the tire to be, undulycon'ipressed or strained and at the same time furnishes` a substantialand durable connection. lVhile, three of the rivets are shown, thishaving been found sulicient in practice, it is obvious that anydesirable number may be used. The construction lends to desirablelightness which is one ot the essentials in connection with rollers ofthis type and especially as used on roller skates, butl it may equallyapply to other devices equipped with the rollers.

Obviously, the tread may be of modified construction, that is, formed inone or ltwo parts with an annular part or ring as shown in Figures 5 and6 in order to produce the annular member or ring structure with orwithout the cups 13 interposed between the llil lit)

inturned flanges of the plates and the inner face of the tire rib. Inthis form a ring or annular part as 29, forming lan annular member orring structure with or without the cups 13, is interposed between theinturned flanges l2 on the side plates l0 and the inner face of the rib30 on the tire 3l. This rib or the ring preferably fits snugly upon oneor both of the flanges and when a ring is employed the tire fits in asimilar manner upon the ring, thus supporting the tire in the samemanner as previously described but with notches 32 instead of holes `toprovide perforations in the rib to admit the fasteners.

It will be obvious from the foregoing between said plates and concentricthere-y with, and a cushion tire having a rib projecting between saidplates and seated upon said member, and also having fillets at the sidesreceiving and engaging the outturned outer edges of the plates to giveadditional support to the tire.

2. As an article of manufacture, a. wheel or roller comprising a pair ofoppositely arranged flat side plates having angularl inner and outeredges, an annular member disposed between the inner edges, and a cushiontire having a reduced portion projecting between the plates andconnected thereto, the tread of the tire resting upon the angular outeredges of the plates.

3. As an article of manufacture, a wheel or roller comprising a pair ofoppositely arranged side plates, a ring structure dis posed between saidplates, a` cushion tire projecting inwardly and snugly fitting betweensaid plates and on the ring structure, the sides of the tire havingfillets forming projections at the sides of the tread portion of thetire and the peripheral edges of the plates having flanges seating inthe fillets, and means extending through said side plates and tire forsecuring the side plates together and the tire in position.

4t. As an article of manufacture, a wheel or roller comprising a pair ofoppositely arranged side plates, a ring structure disposed between saidplates, a cushion tire projecting inwardly and snugly fitting betweensaid plates and on the ring structure,

the sides of the tire having fillets forming projections at the sides ofthe tread portion oit' the tire and the peripheral edges of the plateshaving flanges seating in the fillets, and means for holding the sideplates and tire in assembled position.

5. As an article of manufacture, a wheelor roller comprising a pair ofoppositely arranged side plates, a ring structure disposed between saidplates, a cushion tire projecting inwardly and snugly fitting betweensaid pla-tes and on the ring structure, the sides of the tire havingfillets forming projections at the sides of the tread portion of thetire and the peripheral edges of the plates having flanges seating inthe fillets, the side plates and the inwardly projecting portion of thetire disposed between the plates having reg'- istering holes locatedsubstantially equi-distantly between the inner and outer edges of theplates, and fastenings extending through said holes 6. As an article ofmanufacture, a wheel or roller comprising a pair of oppositely arrangedside plates, a ring structure disposed between said plates and includinga bearing, a cushion tire projecting inwardly and snugly fitting betweensaid plates and on the ring structure, thesides of the tire havingfillets forming projections at the sides of the tread portion of thetire and the peripheral edges of the plates having flanges seating inthe fillets, the side plates and the inwardly projecting portion of thetire disposed between the plates having registering holes locatedsubstantially equi-distantly between the inner and outer edges of theplates, and rivets extending through said holes to clamp said partstogether without undue strain or pressure, one end of each rivet havinga head and the other end having a cavity and its wall upset against theadjacent plate to prevent undue clan'iping of the plates against thetire.

7. As an article of manufacture, a wheel or roller comprising a pair ofoppositely arranged side plates, an annular shoulder formed on the innerfaces of said plates, a cushion tire extending snugly between saidplates and fitting on the shoulder, and means extending through saidside plates and tire for securing said side plates and tire together,said means being positioned substantially centrally between the innerand outer edges of the plates but slightly inwardly thereof.

8. As an article of manufacture, a wheel or roller comprising a pair ofsubstantially oppositely arranged side plates having annular inner andouter portions, the outer portions being directed outwardly, a ringstructure disposed between said plates and including a bearing, acushion tire having a rib ex* tending between said plates and a treadportion forming internal shoulders resting on the annular outer portionsot the plates, and transverse connecting ineans extending through theplates and the rib.

t). As an article of inanutaeture, a wheel or roller, eoniprising a pairof oppositely ari'anged disks, each provided with a lateral inwardlydirected annular flange at its inner edge concentric with the disk and alaterally directed annular flange at its outer edge, :i tire providedwith a rib projecting between said disks and snugly titting about saidflanges at the inner edges and haring outwi'irdly projecting sideportions at the tread snugly litting the annular flanges at the outeredges ot the disks, and fastening means extending through said disksinterinediately ol the edges thereof and extending through said disksand rib, said nieans constituting the sole ineans of connection betweenthe disks and rib.

lt). As an article ot manufacture, a roller comprising a pair otoppositely disposed disks, each provided with a central opening, aninwardly directed annular l'lange about said opening, and an annular'llange at its peril'iheral edge, a tire extending between .said disksand haring portions seated upon the l'langes, hall cups l'itting withinthe openings within the disks, a shaft extending through said cups,bearing balls interposed between the cups and shaft. and fasteningnieans between the disks and tire and positioned .substantiallycentrally between the inner and outer edges of the disks.

1l. As an article of n'ianufacture, a wheel or roller comprising a pairof oppositely arranged side plates having shoulders at their inner andouter edges, a tire extending between said plates and having annularparts ai; the inside and at the peripheral portion thereof itting onsaid shoulders.

1:2. As an ai'ticle of manufacture, a wheel or roller comprising a pairof opposiiely arranged side plates having flanges at their outer edges,an annular shoulder oruicd on the inner face ot' one olf said plates, atire extending between said plates, an annular part tilting on saidshoulder, the tread of the rire haring portions engaging the llanges,and fastening nieans extending through the plates and snugly holding andclaniping the annular part therebetween without undue pressure.

13. As an article of manufacture, a wheel comprising a pair ofoppositely arranged disks, each oi' said disks having an inner or anouter shoulder, a tire engaging said shoui` ders and having a ribproJeeting between the disks, and fastening nieans extending through thedisks and rib, said fastening nieans being disposed in spaced relationand slightly inwardly oi the. concentric centers ot the disks.

Ll. As an article of niaiiuliuzture, a wheel or roller comprising a pairot oppositely arranged tial side plates having outturned out.- er edges,an annular nieinber disposed hetween said plates and concentrictherewith, and a cushion tire haring a rib projecting between saidplates, and also having lillets at the sides receiving and engaging theoutturned outer edges ol the plates to give additional support to thetire.

PIJNY N. JUSLN.

